News Update on Capital Territory Research: May – 2019
Serial circulating tumour DNA analysis during multimodality treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer: a prospective biomarker study
Objective For patients with regionally advanced body part cancer (LARC), adjuvant therapy choice following surgery remains a significant clinical quandary. Here, we have a tendency to investigated the flexibility of current neoplasm desoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA) to enhance risk stratification in patients with LARC.
Design we have a tendency to listed patients with LARC (T3/T4 and/or N+) planned for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Plasma samples were collected pretreatment, postchemoradiotherapy and 4–10 weeks once surgery. physical mutations in individual patient’s neoplasm were known via massively parallel sequencing of fifteen genes normally mutated in body part cancer. we have a tendency to then designed personalized assays to quantify ctDNA in plasma samples. Patients received adjuvant medical care at practitioner discretion, blind to the ctDNA results.
Results we have a tendency to analysed 462 serial plasma samples from 159 patients. ctDNA was detectable in seventy seven, 8.3% and twelve-tone music of pretreatment, postchemoradiotherapy and postsurgery plasma samples. considerably worse recurrence-free survival was seen if ctDNA was detectable once chemoradiotherapy (HR six.6; P [1]
Impact of the National Emergency Access Target policy on emergency departments’ performance: A time‐trend analysis for New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory and Queensland
Objective
To evaluate the impact of the Australian National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) policy introduced in 2012 on disfunction performance.
Methods
A longitudinal cohort study of NEAT implementation victimisation joined information, for twelve EDs across New South Wales (NSW), capital of Australia Territory (ACT) and Australian state (QLD) between 2008 and 2013. metameric regression in a very multi‐level model was accustomed analyse disfunction performance over time before and once NEAT introduction. the most outcomes measures were disfunction length of keep ≤4 h, access block, variety of disfunction shows, short‐stay admission (≤24 h), >24 h admissions, unplanned disfunction re‐attendances at intervals seven days and ‘left at own risk’ (including ‘did not look ahead to assessment’).
Results
Two years once NEAT introduction, disfunction length of keep ≤4 h enhanced in bureau and QLD (odds magnitude relation [OR] = 2.48 and 3.24; P [2]
Policy review of water reform in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia: the “do’s” and “do’nots”
The water reforms undertaken within the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia since 2007 are viewed as a model for different countries seeking to reply to water insecurity. Here, a policy review is provided of this water reform and whether or not it delivers on key environmental objectives within the 2007 Water Act (the Act). The analysis includes a review of the 2012 Basin arrange, a key instrument of the Act, and complementary policies related to the acquisition of water entitlements for the atmosphere via direct (reverse tenders) and indirect (infrastructure subsidies) means that. mistreatment the objects of the Act as a benchmark, Associate in Nursing analysis is provided of the following: (i) planned reductions in irrigation water extractions within the 2012 Basin arrange; (ii) risks related to the 2018 amendments to the Basin Plan that, jointly, provide a rise in irrigation water extractions of some twenty two per cent, relative to the property diversion limits per the 2012 Basin Plan; (iii) Basin‐scale environmental outcomes achieved, as of the tip of 2018; and (iv) economic effects of direct and indirect strategies of feat water for the atmosphere. Findings from the review generate the “Do’s” and “Do Nots” of water reform for Australia, and probably different countries, once managing the trade‐offs between water for irrigation and also the atmosphere. [3]
14 A Comparison of Perinatal Characteristics between Two Regions: Trent, United Kingdom and New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory, Australia, 2000–2002
Background: to match perinatal characteristics of terribly preterm births between 2 regions, the state of latest South Wales/Australian Capital Territory (NSW/ACT) in Australia and therefore the Trent Health Region (Trent) within the uk.
Methods: Study population: authority/ACT: current prospective population primarily based cohort study of all infants 22–31 weeks gestation born 1/1/2000 to 31/12/2002 admitted to a tertiary baby medical care unit (NICU) in NSW (n=9) or the ACT (n=1). Infants born in non-tertiary hospitals close to the northern, southern and western borders of authority are transferred interstate for medical care. Total births obtained from authority Midwives knowledge assortment and ACT Maternal-Perinatal knowledge assortment. Population characteristics obtained from Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2001 Census. Trent: The Trent baby Survey is associate degree on-going prospective study of neonatal care established in 1990. knowledge was obtainable for all babies [4]
Evaluation of the Victims of Road Traffic Crashes Presenting in Hospitals in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria. A Prospective Pilot Study
Background: Road Traffic Crashes are so major contributor of incapacity and death globally. correct and reliable information on actual variety of victims of road traffic crashes in numerous countries is needed to grasp the burden of road traffic crashes and to implement interventions to scale back crashes in any specific country. In Nigeria, there are usually conflicting information from numerous agencies and sources on the particular variety of road traffic crashes and therefore the number of affected victims. This study so evaluates the victims of road traffic crashes presenting to the hospitals within the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, African country and compares the findings with information arising from the Federal Road Safety Commission over the identical amount.
Methods: This was a prospective empiric study of victims of road traffic crashes presenting within the hospitals in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria. information of victims of road traffic collisions presenting to the hospitals within the FCT was collected from all known hospitals, over a amount of three months. information was analysed and results conferred as descriptive statistics.
Results: throughout the amount beneath study, a complete of 819 victims of RTC were recorded from the assorted hospitals across the FCT. the majority of the patients were at intervals (16 – 40) years (n=598 with males constituting concerning seventy five.3% of the victims. 100 and twenty seven (15.5%) of the injuries was fatal. concerning two-third of the victims were taken to the general public hospitals (n = 543 ). Majority of the victims of RTC were passengers within the motor vehicles together with motorbike (n =410 ) and pedestrians deep-seated seventeen.9% (147) of the victims.
Conclusion: This pilot study confirms the high incidence of RTC within the FCT Abuja Nigeria and therefore the existing inequality between the information of victims of road traffic crashes emanating from the hospitals and data printed by the govt. agencies in Nigeria throughout the identical amount. there’s the necessity to harmonise information from numerous stakeholders in an effort to establishing a comprehensive and reliable information of victims of road traffic crashes in African country. [5]
Reference
[1] Tie, J., Cohen, J.D., Wang, Y., Li, L., Christie, M., Simons, K., Elsaleh, H., Kosmider, S., Wong, R., Yip, D. and Lee, M., 2019. Serial circulating tumour DNA analysis during multimodality treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer: a prospective biomarker study. Gut, 68(4), pp.663-671.(Web Link)
[2] Forero, R., Man, N., McCarthy, S., Richardson, D., Mohsin, M., Toloo, G., FitzGerald, G., Ngo, H., Mountain, D., Fatovich, D. and Celenza, A., 2019. Impact of the National Emergency Access Target policy on emergency departments’ performance: A time‐trend analysis for New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory and Queensland. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 31(2), pp.253-261.(Web Link)
[3] Grafton, R.Q., 2019. Policy review of water reform in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia: the “do’s” and “do’nots”. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 63(1), pp.116-141.(Web Link)
[4] 14 A Comparison of Perinatal Characteristics between Two Regions: Trent, United Kingdom and New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory, Australia, 2000–2002
B Bajuk,D Field,T Vincent,E Draper,B Manktelow &D Henderson Smart
Pediatric Researchvolume 56, page466 (2004)(Web Link)
[5] E. Ibeanusi, S. and Sough, T. (2017) “Evaluation of the Victims of Road Traffic Crashes Presenting in Hospitals in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria. A Prospective Pilot Study”, Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14(1), pp. 1-10. doi: 10.9734/JAMPS/2017/34331.(Web Link)