Amino Acids Deficits in Brain | Book Publisher International

Amino  acid, any of a  group of organic molecules that consist  of a  basic amino group (―NH)2,  an acidic carboxyl group (―COOH), and an organicRgroup (or side chain) that is unique to each amino acid. The termamino acidis short forα-amino [alpha-amino] carboxylic acid. Each molecule contains a  centralcarbon(C)  atom,  called the  α-carbon,  to which  both  an  amino  and  a carboxyl  group  are attached. The remaining two bonds of the α-carbon atom are generally satisfied by ahydrogen(H) atom and theRgroup. Amino acids can be called the “building blocks” of protein and are an important part  of  every  human  body.  There  are  twenty  different  amino  acids –nine  of  which  are  called “essential” and eleven of which are labeled as “non-essential.” The human body needs all twenty of these  amino  acids,  in  varying  degrees,  to  be  healthy  and  fully  functional. All  twenty  have  distinct chemical  structures  and  are  used  for  different  roles –such  as  forming  neurotransmitters,  forming hormones  and  producing  energy.  But  their  primary  role  is  to  build  proteins.Nonessential  amino acidsare synthesized by  most of the cells,  including hematopoietic lineages.The  essential amino acidsthe body needs to obtain them from the diet.

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